The development history of crawler bulldozers
Track-type tractor (also known as crawler dozer) was successfully developed by American Benjamin Holt in 1904. It was formed by installing a human-lifting bulldozer in front of the crawler tractor. The power at that time was a steam engine. After that, crawler-type bulldozers driven by natural gas power and gasoline engine were successfully developed successively, and the bulldozer blade was also developed from manual lifting to wire rope lifting.
Benjamin Holt is also one of the founders of Caterpillar Inc. in the United States. In 1925, 5Holt Manufacturing Company and C.L. Best Bulldozer Company merged to form Caterpillar Bulldozer Company, becoming the world’s first bulldozer equipment manufacturer. In 1931, the first batch of 60 bulldozers with diesel engines was successfully rolled off the production line. With the continuous advancement of technology, all bulldozers have been powered by diesel engines, and bulldozer blades and scarifiers are all lifted by hydraulic cylinders.
In addition to crawler-type bulldozers, bulldozers also have tire-type bulldozers, which appeared about ten years later than crawler-type bulldozers. Because crawler bulldozers have good adhesion performance and can exert greater traction, the variety and quantity of their products far exceed those of tire bulldozers at home and abroad.
Internationally, Caterpillar is the largest construction machinery manufacturing company in the world. Its crawler bulldozers include 9 series of large, medium and small D3-D11, the largest D11 RCD, and the diesel engine flywheel power reaches 634kw; Japan The Komatsu company ranked second, and it only began to introduce and produce the D50 crawler bulldozer in 1947.
There are 13 series of crawler bulldozers, from D21-D575, the smallest is D21, the diesel engine flywheel power is 29.5kw, the largest is D575A-3SD, the diesel engine flywheel power reaches 858kw, it is also the largest bulldozer in the world; The characteristic bulldozer manufacturer is Germany’s Liebheer Group (Liebheer), whose bulldozers are all driven by hydrostatic pressure. After more than ten years of research and development, the technology launched a prototype in 1972, and began mass production in 1974. PR721-PR731 and PR741 hydrostatic drive crawler bulldozer, due to the limitation of hydraulic components, its maximum power is only 295Kw at present, the model is PR751 mining.
The above three bulldozer manufacturers represent the highest level of crawler bulldozers in the world today. Several other foreign manufacturers of crawler bulldozers, John Deere, Case, New Holland and Deresta, also have a relatively high level of production technology.
The production of bulldozers in China only started after the founding of New China. Initially, bulldozers were installed on agricultural tractors. With the development of the national economy, the demand for medium and large crawler bulldozers in large mines, water conservancy, power stations and transportation departments has been increasing. Although my country’s medium and large crawler bulldozer manufacturing industry has developed greatly, it has not been able to meet the needs of national economic development. need.
To this end, since 1979, my country has successively introduced the production technology, process specifications, technical standards and material systems of crawler bulldozers from Komatsu Corporation of Japan and Caterpillar Corporation of the United States. A pattern dominated by Komatsu technology products in the 1980s and 1990s.
From the 1960s to the present, the number of domestic manufacturers of bulldozers has been stable at about 4. The reason is that the processing requirements of bulldozer products are high and difficult, and mass production requires a large investment, so ordinary enterprises do not dare to set foot in easily. However, with the development of the market, starting from the “Eighth Five-Year Plan”, some large and medium-sized domestic enterprises began to operate bulldozers concurrently according to their own strength, such as Inner Mongolia No. 1 Machinery Factory, Xuzhou Loader Factory, etc., expanding the bulldozer industry team.
At the same time, there are also a small number of enterprises that have begun to decline due to poor management and the needs of market development, and some have already withdrawn from the industry.
At present, the main domestic manufacturers of bulldozers are:
Shantui Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Hebei Xuanhua Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Pengpu Machinery Factory Co., Ltd., Tianjin Construction Machinery Factory, Shaanxi Xinhuang Machinery Co., Ltd., Yituo Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., etc.
In addition to the production of bulldozers, the above-mentioned companies have also begun to set foot in the production of other construction machinery products. For example, Shantui also produces road rollers, graders, excavators, loaders, forklifts, etc.
Post time: Sep-24-2022
