Talking about the Excavator(1)

talking about the Excavator(1)

It is classified as heavy construction machinery, excavator, also known as excavating machinery, also known as excavator,It is an earth-moving machine that uses a bucket to excavate materials above or below the bearing surface and load it into a transport vehicle or unload it to a stockyard.

The materials excavated by the excavator are mainly soil, coal, silt, soil and rock after pre-loosening.Judging from the development of construction machinery in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and excavators have become one of the most important construction machinery in engineering construction.The three most important parameters of an excavator: operating weight (mass), engine power and bucket capacity.

Divided into internal combustion drive excavators and electric drive excavators according to the driving mode,According to the way of walking, it can be divided into crawler excavators and wheeled excavators

According to the transmission mode, it can also be divided into hydraulic excavators and mechanical excavators,If according to the bucket, it has two directions: front shovel excavation, backhoe excavation

The operating weight is one of the three important parameters of the excavator (engine power, bucket capacity, operating weight),The operating weight determines the level of the excavator and determines the upper limit of the excavator’s digging force.

Digging force≦m;

Working weight m: adhesion coefficient between ground and crawler,If the digging force exceeds this limit, in the case of a backhoe, the excavator will slip and be pulled forward, which is very dangerous. In a shovel situation, the excavator will skid backwards.Digging force, for digging force, digging force is mainly divided into forearm digging force and bucket digging force.

The action points of the two digging forces are the tooth roots of the bucket (the lip of the bucket), but the power is different. The forearm digging force comes from the forearm cylinder; the bucket digging force comes from the bucket oil cylinder.

The ground specific pressure, the size of the ground specific pressure determines the ground conditions suitable for the excavator to work.Ground pressure refers to the pressure generated by the weight of the machine on the ground, which is expressed by the following formula: ground pressure = working weight ÷ all the area in contact with the ground,Track shoes, it is important to install the proper track shoes on the machine. For crawler excavators, the criteria for selecting the crawler is: Whenever possible, try to use the narrowest track shoes.

Common track types: toothed track shoes, flat track shoes, flat track shoes,Walking speed, for crawler excavators, the walking time accounts for about one tenth of the entire working time.

Generally speaking, two speeds can meet the walking performance of the excavator.Traction force, traction force refers to the force generated by the excavator when it walks, which mainly depends on the travel motor of the excavator.These two walking performance parameters indicate the mobility of the excavator and its walking ability. It can be reflected in the samples of various manufacturers.

Gradeability, gradeability refers to the ability to climb, descend, or stop on a firm, level slope.Two representation methods: angle, percentage,Lifting capacity, lifting capacity refers to the smaller of the rated stable lifting capacity or the rated hydraulic lifting capacity.Rated stable lift capacity: 75% of tipping load, rated hydraulic lift capacity: 87% of hydraulic lift capacity

The swing speed refers to the average maximum speed that the excavator can achieve during stable swing when the excavator is unloaded.This means that the defined slew speed, neither when starting, nor when braking;That is, not the slew speed of acceleration or deceleration. For general excavation work,When this excavator works in the range of 0° to 180°, the slewing motor accelerates or decelerates, and when it turns to the range of 270° to 360°, the slewing speed becomes stable.Therefore, in actual excavation work, the rotation speed defined above is unrealistic.

That is, the required actual swing performance is acceleration/deceleration expressed in terms of swing torque.Engine power, gross horsepower refers to the power output measured at the engine flywheel without power-consuming accessories such as mufflers, fans, alternators and air filters.Effective power (net horsepower) refers to the output power measured at the engine flywheel with all power-consuming accessories such as mufflers, fans, alternators and air filters installed.

Noise measurement, excavator noise mainly comes from the engine. Two kinds of noise: noise measurement at the operator’s ear, noise measurement around the machine